Numerical investigation on arching effect surrounding deep cylindrical shaft during excavation process

Predicting the inner displacements of deep vertical shafts during excavation process has been a difficult task considering geological, structural, and constructional influences. In fact, two-dimensional (2D) analytical solution based on retaining wall model remains insufficient for understanding actual behavior an excavation. This is because deformation becomes complicated due to unexpected arching effect brought about by three-dimensional (3D) flexible occurring in process. Previous solutions only considered limit equilibrium. Therefore, present study deals with 3D soil-structure simulation cylindrical shaft mechanical surrounding soil as well geometry structure. Moreover, this behaviors are controlled stiffness; hence, relationships among stiffness, (in terms earth pressure coefficient), displacement were investigated. A model, 120 m depth 20 diameter, was positioned at center sand domain, each step performed interval m. finite difference method analysis applied using modified Cam-Clay (MCC) represent behavior. As result, provides new normalized lateral theory excavated obtained from parametric studies various levels stiffness. From comparison previous (Terzaghi, 1943a; Prater, 1977; Cheng & Hu, 2005), it found that underestimated acting they did not consider accurate effect.